The Russian banya combines powerful steam, a rich history and family leisure. Known for its use of birch twigs (venik) and heat produced along with plenty of steam, it has been a symbol of health and rejuvenation for generations. Let’s learn a little more about the physical and social transformation that the Russian saunas offer:
Records of the banya go back a long way, with the earliest dating back to the fourth century BC. The banya, in addition to being a place of rest, was used in ancient ceremonies for both births and deaths. Structures evolved from simple bathhouses heated by wood stoves to more elaborate designs such as the “black” and “white” banyas. These customs firmly established the banya as an essential component of communal life and health in Russian culture.
One of the most distinctive elements of the Russian banya is the use of the venik, which is nothing more than a set of of birch or oak twigs used to beat and massage areas of the body. This practice is performed to increase circulation and is done precisely when the steam level in the sauna is at its highest. Essential oils are also used to give a pleasant aroma to the experience. Immediately after the steam, a refreshing dip in cold water is necessary, and some even choose to jump in the snow.
Traditional bathhouses are often built using natural wood, such as pine or birch, because of their durability. The three main areas of a standard banya are the predbannik (entrance chamber), parilka (steam room) and wash room. The banya stove, called a pech, is made of special stones that can withstand high temperatures between 140°F and 195°F and humidity levels between 50 and 90%. Another important detail is the ventilation system, some have small windows near the benches, while others are ventilated only by opening the door.
Banyas remain popular in contemporary Russia, with urban banyas even having separate rooms for men and women, while traditional banyas in rural areas are more communal. Modern banyas sometimes include swimming pools, lounges and even restaurants, but they still follow the fundamental concepts of heat, steam and venik treatments. Despite the modernity, the traditional Russian banya experience is highly valued by locals and visitors alike.
You don’t have to go to Russia to experience the benefits of a good banya, BW Sauna company is here to serve you. With our professionally made banyas, you experience the health benefits of this ancient practice! If you plan to purchase a sauna in Minessota, feel free to visit our website and explore range of our outdoor custom saunas or contact us directly.
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